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Eight-Nation Alliance
The Eight-Nation Alliance () was an international coalition set up in response to the Boxer Rebellion by the nations of Japan, Russia, the British Empire, France, the United States, Germany, Italy and Austria-Hungary. The coalition launched what it saw as a humanitarian intervention and invaded Qing China; eventually relieving the Siege of the Legations in Beijing during the summer of 1900.
== Background and main events ==
(詳細はQing government and Imperial Army supported the Boxers and under the Manchu general Ronglu, besieged foreign diplomats and civilians taking refuge in the Legation Quarter in Peking. After failing in its initial attempt to relieve the Legation Quarter, in August 1900 the Allied force marched to Peking from Tianjin, defeated the Qing Imperial Army Wuwei Troop in several engagements, and brought an end to the Boxer Rebellion and the siege. The members of the Alliance then occupied Peking and proceeded to loot and pillage the capital.〔O'Conner, David ''The Boxer Rebellion'' London:Robert Hale & Company, 1973, Chap. 16. ISBN 0-7091-4780-5〕〔Hevia, James L. 'Looting and its discontents: Moral discourse and the plunder of Beijing, 1900–1901' in R. Bickers and R.G. Tiedemann (eds.), ''The Boxers, China, and the world'' Lanham, Maryland:Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2009〕
The forces consisted of approximately 45,000 troops, from various countries. At the end of the campaign, the Qing Imperial government signed the Boxer Protocol of 1901.〔(Eight-Nation Alliance in Section 4 )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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